Hair waving apparatus



March 17, 1936. h p SNTURELLO A 2,034,635

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed MaICll 20, 1935 2 .Shees-Sheejl l 44NATTORNE March 17, 1936. P, SATURELLO 2,034,635

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed March 2o, 1935 2 Sheets-sheet 2'IIIIIIIIIIIIII Patented Mar. 17, 1936 2,034,635

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Peter Santurello,Columbus, Ohio Application March 20, 1935, Serial No. 12,040 zo claims.(o1. 1st-es) My invention relates to hair-waving apparaaway, of a hairclamping member made in actus. It has to do, more particularly, withthat cordance with my invention and showing the type of hair wavingapparatus which is used for arms thereof spread apart to receive astrand producing what is commonly known as a Croof hair.

5 quinole wave in the hair. Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of thestruc- 5 One of the objects of my invention is to proture illustrated inFigure 1 showing the two arm vide hair-waving apparatus of the typeindicated members brought together but before the wedge which embodies anovel type of hair clamping lock is operated to bring such members intofirm and protecting member and a mandrel mounted contact with eachother.

i() thereon in a desirable manner. Figure 3 is a transverse sectiontaken substan- 10 Another object of my invention is to provide a tiallyon line 3-3 of Figure 2. hair clamping member which is of such a natureFigure 4 is a perspective View of my hair-wavthat it will grip the hairfirmly regardless of the ing apparatus illustrating the clamping memberthickness of the strand inserted therein so that with the mandrelmounted thereon and with hair i; there will be no danger of slippage ofthe hair wound and tightened on the mandrel. l5 through the clampingmember or passage of Figure 5 is a side elevation, partly cut away,steam or hot waving fiuid therethrough. of the hair-waving apparatus.

Another object of my invention is to provide Figure 6 is a longitudinalsection of a slightly a hair clamping member which may be readilymodified type of locking mechanism for holding 39 applied to the hairand which may be easily and the two arm members in clamping relation tothe 20 quickly operated to firmly grip the hair. hair.

Another object of my invention is to provide a Figure 'l is alongitudinal section of a slightly hair clamping member of such a naturethat it different type of locking mechanism for holding will not injurethe hair to which it is applied. the two arm members in clampingrelation to the 25 Another object of my invention is to provide a hair.25 device for waving hair which embodies a hair With reference to thedrawings and particuclamping member and amandrel which is carried larlyto Figures 1, 2, and 3, I have illustrated thereon in such a manner thatit may be removed the hair clamping member of my apparatus as from theclamping member after the hair has comprising mainly a. pair of armmembers which 30 been wound and tightened thereon, without first aredesignated I and 2 and which are pivotally 30 removing the clampingmember from the strand secured together adjacent one end as at 3. Thus,of hair. they may be swung apart as indicated in Figure 1 In itspreferred form my invention comprises for the reception of a strand ofhair or may a clamping member which includes two arms that be swungtogether as indicated in Figure 2 so 3.3 are pivoted at one end so thatthey may be swung that they may be caused to firmly grip the hair. 35apart for insertion of the hair and then may be Each arm memberpreferably comprises a metal swung together to grip the hair. I providea member 4 which preferably has a strip 5 of wood wedge lock on theclamping member which is or other suitable material which will notreadily operable from one end of the device and which conduct heatfastened to the lower surface therelo will cause the clamping member tofirmly grip of. This strip of wood 5 is provided with cut 40 the strandof hair regardless of the thickness outs 6 which will permit circulationof air bethereof. This clamping member preferably cartween the woodstrip and the metal member 4. more, the mandrel is preferably mounted insuch To the lower surface of each wood strip 5 is a manner that it maybe rotated in one direction preferably secured a strip 'l of felt orother l5 to tighten the hair thereon but rotation in an soft material.Thus, the Scalp 0f the person 0n 45 opposite direction will beprecluded. Furtherwhich this device is placed will be fully protectedmore, the mandrel is preferably mounted in such from heat.

a manner that it may be removed from the Each of the members 4 issubstantially hollow. clamping member without rst releasing the 'I'heouter edge of each of the members is closed 2c hair from the clampingmember. as at 8. The inner edge is open but a longitudi- 5o Thepreferred embodiment of my invention is nally extending Wall 9 isprovided at a point illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherespacedfrom the inner edge of each of these in similar characters of referencedesignate cormembers. Thus, a socket is provided at the inrespondingparts and wherein: ner edge of each of the members 4 for receivingFigure 1 is a perspective view, partly broken a block I0 of rubber orother suitable material 55 for gripping the hair without injury thereto.Each. block of rubber is merely slipped in the socket which receives itand may be readily removed when it becomes warm. The block of rubber isprovided with flanges at its outer edge which extend over the edges ofthe bottom and top plates of the member 4 as indicated in Figure l. Theouter surface of each of these blocks is roughened as at I0' so therewill be no danger of slippage of the hair. It will be apparent that alongitudinally extending chamber II is formed in each of the members 4.

The arm members I and 2 are normally held apart as indicated in Figure lby a grasshopper spring I2 which is shown best in Figure 2. This springis mounted on the pivot pin that pivotally connects the arms I and 2together. One of the free ends of the spring bears against the wall 9 ofthe member 4 of one of the arms While the other free end of the springbears against the wall 9 of the member 4 of the other arm. The freeendsof the spring normally tend to spread apart and, consequently, thespring will normally tend to keep the arm members I and 2 spread apart.

In order to maintain the arm members I and 2 together, when desired, forgripping a strand of hair therebetween I provide thestructure to bedescribed now in detail. As shown, a wedge member I3 is mounted forlongitudinal sliding movement in the chamber II formed in the arm I.This member I3 has a narrow portion I4 formed at one end having aplurality of rack teeth I5 formed on its lower edge. Beneath thisportion I4 the inner end of a pin I6 is disposed and has a worm or screwI1 formed thereon. As shown, this worm will engage the teeth I5 on thelower edge of the portion I4 of the wedge member I3. The pin I6 has itsouter end rotatably mounted in a bearing member I8 and it extends fromthis bearing member a sufficient distance to have a knurled knob I9keyed on its outer end. It will be apparent that rotation of knobI9'will cause longitudinal movement of the wedge member I3. Since themechanism for causing the longitudinal movement of the wedge membercomprises screw and rack mechanism, it will be understood that the wedgemember will be rmly locked in any position to which it is moved.

The opposite end of the wedge member I3 is inclined as at 2Il. Ihisinclined portion vextends for a considerable length of the wedge member.This extreme end of the wedge member is curled upwardly as at 2|. Thiscurled portion receives the laterally extending portion 22a formed onthe inner end of a latch member 22. This latch member extends through aspace 23 in the arm .member I and projects inwardly from this armmember. When the two arm members are swung together, the outer end ofthis latch member projects into a space 24 formed in the arm member 2.'Ihe latch member is provided with a lug 25 on its outer end which willpass beneath a keeper 26 disposed at one side of the space 24 in the arm2. A flat spring21 is provided for causing the lug 25 on the latch 22 topass beneath the keeper 25. It will be apparent that this spring 21 isso inclined that when the arms I4 and 2 are swung together, it willengage the outer end of the latch 22 and force the lug 25 thereofbeneath the keeper 26. The inner end of the latch 22 has a tensionspring 28 connected thereto and the opposite end of this spring isconnected to the arm member I as at 29.' This spring normally urges theouter end of the latch 22 towards the right (Figure 2). i.

In using this clamping device assuming that the arms are in the positionindicated in Figure 1, the hair is slipped therebetween. Then the armsare swung together against the action of the spring I2 until the latchmember 22 engages the spring 21 which will force the outer end thereofto the right until the lug 25 will lie beneath the keeper 25. The twoarm members and the wedge member I3 will, at this time, be in thepositions indicated in Figure 2. Then if the knob I9 is rotated in theproper direction, the wedge member I3 will be moved toward the left.This will cause the portion 22a of the latch member 22 to ride up on theinclined surface 2i) of the wedge member. Since the latch member willalways be held in rm engagement with the keeper by the spring 21, thisWill cause the two arm members to be drawn rmly into contact with eachother. Regardless of the thickness of the strand of hair being grippedbetween the members III, the hair will be rmly gripped and there will beno danger of slippage. The nal position of the portion 22a of the latchmember along the inclined surface 20 will depend on the thickness of thestrand of hair being gripped. However, it will be apparent that the hairwill be gripped with gradually increasing intensity as the wedge memberI3 is moved longitudinally.

'Io release the hair, it is merely necessary to rotate the knob Thiswill move the wedge member I3 to the right and will permit the portion22a of the latch to slide down along the surface 20 until it occupiesthe position indicated in Figure 2 where it is disposed in the curledportion 2I of the wedge member. At this time the right hand edge of thelatch 22 will be in engagement with the side of the space 23 and ifmovement of the wedge member I3 to the right is continued, the curl 2Iwill engage the portion 22a, pulling the inner end of the latch 22 tothe right and forcing the outer end of the latch to the left against theforce of the spring 21 until the lug 25 is out of engagement with thekeeper 25. At this time, the two arm members will automatically spreadapart because of the action of the spring I 2.

The spring 28 will urge the outer end of the latch member 22 to theright as previously stated and, consequently, when the arm members areagain swung into cooperative relation the latch member willautomatically engage the keeper Without operating the wedge lockingmechanism. However, the wedge locking mechanism may then be operated tolock the two arm members in rm gripping relation to the hair disposedtherebetween.4 The hair will be positively locked in the clamping deviceuntil they knob I9 is again rotated to release it.

The hair clamping and protecting member just described is adapted tocarry a mandrel which may be mounted thereon in a suitable way. Ipreferably mount the mandrel on the clamping member in a manner to bedescribed now.

The mandrel 3U as shown best in Figures 4 and 5 comprises a body portionwhich is rotatably mounted on an extension 3I at one end thereof. Thisextension 3l is connected to the mandrel through the medium of a springclutch 32. This clutch 32 permits rotation of the body portion of themandrel relative to the extension 3| in one direction but precludesrelative rotation thereof in an opposite direction. The extension 3I isprovided with slots 33 arranged at right angles to each other. A latchmember 34 is pivoted to the arm member 2 of the clamping member adjacentI9 in the opposite direction.

one end thereof as at 35. 'Ihis latch member may be swung into or out ofthev slot 33 in the extension 3l of the mandrel. When the latch 3d is inthe slot 33 rotation of the extension 3| in either direction isprecluded. 'Ihe opposite end i the arm 2 of the clamp is p-rovided witha yoke 36 which cooperates with a circumferential slot 3l formed in oneend of the mandrel in order to prevent longitudinal movement of themandrel relative to the hair clamping member. The latch member may beswung down into aspace 38 between the two arm members of the clampingmember when the mandrel is not disposed thereon.

The mandrel 39 is provided with a member 39 which is pivoted thereto asat i3 for swinging relative to the mandrel. This member is adapted togrip the free end of the strand of hair `to the mandrel when inoperative position as indicated in Figure 5 where it embraces themandrel. A removable key M is provided with a square portion 42 whichmay be inserted in a socket in the end of the mandrel. Thisl portion i2is of such a length that when it is inserted in said socket rotation ofthe key el will not be interfered .with by the knob I9, as indicated inFigure 5. By means of this key, the body portion of the mandrel may berotated relative to the extension 3 l In using this hair wavingapparatus, the clamping member is applied to the hair as indicated andwill rmly grip it. The free end of the hair is placed beneath the member39 and this member is held down against the mandrel so that the free endof the hair will be clamped thereto. The hair is then wound on themandrel and the mandrel simultaneously moved down towards the clampingmember. When the clamping member is reached the end of the mandrel isinserted in the yoke 36 and the latch 34 is swung into the slot at theopposite end of the mandrel. Then the key il is used for rotating thebody portion of the mandrel relative to the extension 3l in the properdirection to tighten or tension the hair thereon. Rotation of themandrel in the opposite direction will be precluded by the spring clutch32. Rotation of the extension in either direction will be precluded whenthe latch 34 is in the slot 33 in said extension.

When it is desired to remove the mandrel from the clamping member, it isnot necessary to first operate the clamping member to release the hairand thereby release the tension of the hair wound on the mandrel. It ismerely necessary to swing the latch 3e out of the slot 33 which willpermit bodily rotation of the mandrel together with the extension 3i andthereby release the tension on the hair. The mandrel may then be readilyremoved from the clamping member.

In Figure 6 I show slightly different locking mechanism for locking thearms I and 2 of the hair clamping member together. The structure is thesame as that previously described with the exception thata keeper 26a isprovided which engages the lug 25 on the latch member 22. This keeper25a is pivoted as at lla and is also pivotally connected to the innerend of a pin 42a. The keeper 25a is normally engaged in locking relationto the latch member 22 by a spring 21a. However, the keeper 26a may bedisengaged from the latch member 22 merely by pressing inwardly on theouter end of the pin 42a. With this structure it is possible to releasethe arms I and 2 from each other so that they will spread apart withoutoperating the worm and gear mechanism ,the hair.

.through the medium of the knob I9. It is merely necessary to pressinwardly on the pin 32a.

Figure '7 shows a slightly modified structure whereby the same resultsmay be accomplished as with the structure of Figure 6. In thisinstancethe lug 25 on the latch member 22 pro- .'jects'in'theoppositedirection and projects beneath a keeper 26h. This keeper 2Gb ismounted on the inner end of a pin 43. It is normally held in engagementwith the latch member by a `compression spring lill which urges the pin43 and the keeper 26h inwardly at all times. The keeper 2thI ispreferably square in cross section and slides through a square openingso that it lslippage of the hair through the clamping member when thehair is being tightened on the mandrel and therefore there will be nopulls on the scalp. The clamping member is of such a nature that it willadequately protect the scalp from heat and there will be no danger ofsteam or hot waving fluid passing therethrough. The device may be easilyand quickly operated to grip the hair and since it can be locked byoperating a knob member disposed adjacent the pivoted ends of theclamping arms rather than at the opposite end, its application to thehair is simplified. Furthermore, it is of such a naturethat there willbe no danger of injury to The mandrel is mounted on this clamping memberin a very desirable manner and it may be removed from the clamping memerafter` thehair has been wound and tightened thereon, without firstremoving the clamping member `from the strand of hair.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of arm members pivotedtogether for swinging movement relative toeach other, means for lockingsaid arm members together when they are moved into cooperative relation,said means comprising a wedge member carried by one of the arms andhaving an inclined surface,

a latch member carried by one of the arms having a portion engaged bysaid surface and a portion which engages the other arm, and means formoving said wedge member and said latch member relative to each other sothat said portion of the latch member which engages saidinclined-surface will move to various positions along said surface.

v 2. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of arm memberspivoted together for swinging movement relative to each other, means forlocking said arm members together when they are moved into cooperativerelation, said means comprising a wedge member carried by one of thearms and having an inclined surface, a latch member carried by one ofthe arms having a portion engaged by said surface and a portion whichengages the other arm., and means for moving said wedge member and saidlatch member relative to each other so that said portion of the latchmember which engages said inclined surface will move to variouspositions along said surface, said means comprising screw and rackmechanism.

3. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movableapart to receive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lockfor locking said movable members together, and means for operating saidwedge lock, said means comprising screw and rack mechanism.

4. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movableapart to receive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lockfor locking said movable members together and including a movable wedgemember, means for moving said movable wedge member, said meanscomprising screw and rack mechanism.

5. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movableapart to receive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lockfor locking said movable members together, means for operating saidwedge lock, and means other than said last-named means for releasing thelock.

6. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movableapart to receive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lockfor locking said movable members together, means for operating saidwedge lock, said means comprising screw and rack mechanism, and meansother than said screw and rack mechanism for releasing the lock.

'7. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of arm members pivotedtogether for swinging movement relative to each other, means for lockingsaid arm members together when they are moved into cooperative relation,said means comprising a wedge member and a latch member having a portionwith which said wedge member engages and a portion engaging acooperating portion on one of said arm members, and means for bodilymoving said wedge member and latch member relative to each other.

8. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of arm members pivotedtogether for swinging movement relative to each other, means for lockingsaid arm members together when they are. moved into cooperativerelation, said means comprising a wedge member carried by one of saidarms and a member which engages the wedge member and which has a portionthat en gages the other arm, and means for moving one of said last-namedmembers bodily relative to the other of said members.

9. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of arm members pivotedtogether for swinging movement relative to each other, means for lockingsaid arm members together when they are moved into cooperative relation,said means comprising a wedge member carried by one of said arms and amember which engages the wedge member and which has a portion thatengages the other arm, and means for moving one of said last-namedmembers bodily relative to the other of said members, said meanscomprising screw and rack mechanism.

10. A hair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movableapart to receive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lockfor locking said movable members together, means for operating saidwedge lock, and means for automatically causing said members to moveapart when the lock is released.

11. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of arms pivoted togetheradjacent one end thereof, each arm comprising a housing. a resilientmember for normally maintaining said arm members apart, means forlocking said arm members together when they are brought into cooperativerelation, said means comprising a wedge member carried in the housing ofone of said arms and movable longitudinally therein, said wedge havingan inclined surface and a rack surface formed thereon, a screw engagingsaid rack surface and projecting from said housing for moving said wedgemember longitudinally, said wedge member having a curled portion at thelower end of said inclined surface, a latch member having a portionengaged by said curled portion, said latch member projecting from saidhousing towards the other arm member and having a portion at its outerend adapted to engage a keeper member disposed on the other arm member,a spring with which the outer end of said latch member will engage forforcing it into engagement with the keeper, and a spring at the innerend of' said latch member for normally urging the outer end thereof tomove in one direction.

12. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of arms pivoted togetheradjacent one end thereof, a resilient member for normally maintainingsaid arm members apart, means for locking said arm members together whenthey are brought into cooperative relation, said means comprising aWedge member carried by one of said arms and movable longitudinallythereof, said wedge member having an inclined surface and a rack surfaceformed thereon, a screw engaging said rack surface for moving said wedgemember longitudinally, a latch member having a portion engaged by theinclined surface of said wedge member, said latch member projectingtowards the other arm member and having a portion at its outer endadapted to engage a member disposed on the other arm member, means forengaging the outer end of said latch member to cause it to engage themember with which it cooperates, and a resilient member for normallymaintaining said arm members apart when the locking mechanism isreleased.

13. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of arm members pivotedtogether adjacent one end thereof, means for locking said arm memberstogether when they are brought into cooperative relation, said meanscomprising a wedge member carried by one of said arm members and movablethereon, said wedge member having an inclined surface and a rack surfaceformed thereon, a screw engaging said rack surface for moving said wedgemember, a latch member having a portion engaged by the inclined surfaceof said wedge member, said latch member projecting towards the other armmember and having a portion adapted to engage a cooperating portion onthe other arm member, and means adapted to engage said latch member whenthe arms are swung together for causing the portion of the latch memberto engage the cooperating portion on the other arm.

14. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of arm members pivotedtogether adjacent one end thereof, means for locking said arm memberstogether when they are brought into cooperative relation, said meanscomprising a wedge member carried by one of said arm members and movablethereon, said wedge member having an inclined surface and a rack surfaceformed thereon, a screw engaging said rack surface for moving said wedgemember, a latch member having a portion engaged by the inclined surfaceof said wedge member, said latch member projecting towards the other armmember and having a portion adapted to engage a cooperating portion onthe other arm member, and means other than the screw member for causingsaid latch member to be disengaged from the cooperating portion on theother arm member.

15. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a hairclamping member, saidhair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movable apart toreceive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lock for lockingsaid movable members together, a mandrel member, means for mounting saidmandrel member on said clamping member in such a manner as to permitrotation thereof in one direction but to preclude rotation thereof in anopposite direction, said means including a pivoted latch member carriedby one of said lastnamed members which is engageable with or may bedisengaged from a cooperating portion on the other of said members.

16. Hair-waving apparatus comprising a hairclamping member, saidhair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movable apart toreceive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lock for lockingsaid movable members together, means for operating said Wedge lock, saidmeans comprising worm and gear mechanism, a mandrel member, means formounting said mandrel member on said clamping member in such a manner asto permit rotation thereof in one direction but to preclude rotationthereof in an opposite direction, said means including a pivoted latchmember carried by one of said lastnamed members which is engageable withor may be disengaged from a cooperating portion on the other of saidmembers.

17. Hair-Waving apparatus comprising a hairclamping member, saidhair-clamping member comprising a plurality of members movable apart toreceive the hair and together to grip the hair, a wedge lock for lockingsaid movable members together, means for operating said wedge lock,means other than said last-named means for releasing the lock, a mandrelmember, means for mounting said mandrel member on said clamping memberin such a manner as to permit rotation thereof in one direction but topreclude rotation thereof in an opposite direction, said means includinga pivoted latch member carried by one of said last-named members whichis engageable with or may be disengaged from a cooperating portion onthe other of said members.

18. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of hair-gripping membersmovable apart to remove the hair and together to grip the hair, meansfor locking said hair-gripping members together when they are broughtinto cooperative relation, said means comprising a wedge member carriedby one of said gripping members and. movable thereon, said Wedge memberhaving an inclined surface and a rack surface formed thereon, a screwengaging said rack surface for moving said wedge member and a latchmember having a portion engaged by the inclined surface of said wedgemember, said latch member projecting towards the other gripping memberand having a portion adapted to engage a cooperating portion on theother gripping member.

19. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of hair-gripping membersmovable apart to remove the hair and together to grip the hair, meansfor locking said hair-gripping members together when they are broughtinto cooperative relation, said means comprising a wedge member carriedby one of said gripping members and movable thereon, said wedge memberhaving an inclined surface formed thereon, means for moving said wedgemember on said gripping member, and a latch member having a portionengaged by the inclined surface of said wedge member, said latch memberprojecting towards the other gripping member and having a portionadapted to engage a cooperating portion on the other gripping member.

20. A hair-clamping member comprising a pair of hair-gripping membersmovable apart to remove the hair and together to grip the hair, meansfor locking said hair-gripping members together when they are broughtinto cooperative relation. said means comprising a wedge member carriedby one of said gripping members and movable thereon, said wedge memberhaving an inclined surface formed thereon, means for moving said wedgemember on said gripping member, a latch member having a portion engagedby the inclined surface of said wedge member, said latch memberprojecting towards the other gripping member and having a portionadapted to engage a cooperating portion on the other gripping member,and means other than said means for moving the wedge member for causingsaid latch member to be disengaged from the cooperating portion on theother gripping member.

PETER SANTURELLO.

CERTIFICATE or SQBBECTIQN.

Patent N0. 2,034,655. March l?, l956.

PETER SANTURELLO.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page l,first column, line 43, strike out the words "more, the mandrel ispreferably mounted in such" and insert instead the syllable and words"ries a mandrel which is mounted thereon in such; and that the said.Lettere Patent should be read with this correction therein that the samemay conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of May, A. D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

